Mapping Research on Mathematical Argument, Proof, and Reasoning in Indonesian Mathematics Education: A Bibliometric Study

Abstract

Mathematical argument, proof, and reasoning are central practices in mathematics education, yet research addressing these constructs has developed unevenly across educational contexts. This study aims to map research trends on mathematical argument, proof, and reasoning in Indonesian mathematics education using a bibliometric approach. Publications were retrieved from the Scopus database through a structured query focusing on journal articles written in English and published between 2010 and 2024 by authors affiliated with Indonesian institutions. A total of 48 articles were analyzed using Biblioshiny in R to examine publication trends, citation patterns, productive sources, authorship, keywords, and thematic structures. The results indicate a gradual increase in research output since the mid-2010s, with a publication peak around 2020, reflecting growing scholarly interest in mathematical argument in Indonesia. Keyword and thematic analyses reveal that research in this field is predominantly framed within pedagogical contexts, with realistic mathematics education and instructional design emerging as central themes. In contrast, studies focusing on formal proof and abstract algebra appear more specialized and less central. Overall, this study provides a structured overview of the development and conceptual orientation of mathematical argument research in Indonesian mathematics education and highlights directions for future research, particularly in strengthening theoretical integration and international collaboration.